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Open Educational Resources for Teaching and Learning English as Second Language which can be reused, modified, and shared and that provide unconstrained materials for the benefit and the enjoyment of others.
https://books4languages.com
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Apr 9, 2019
Questions with Shall…?
Shall is a modal verb used in question form to ask for instructions or for formulating requests in a polite way.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/questions-with-shall/
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Apr 9, 2019
Question Tags formation
A question tag is a small question at the end of a sentence which is used to check information, ask for confirmation (negative tag) or agreement (positive tag).
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/question-tags-formation/
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Apr 9, 2019
Wh- Questions in Past form
Wh- questions always begin with one of the wh- question words (interrogative pronouns), which show what kind of information is wanted {see Wh- Questions, A1 Level}.
We can also use them to ask questions about the past.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/wh-questions-in-past-form/
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Apr 9, 2019
Wh- Questions words: Who…?
Wh- questions always begin with one of the wh- question words (interrogative pronouns), which show what kind of information is wanted {see Wh- Questions, A1 Level}.
The pronoun who is used to ask about the subject of the action.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/wh-questions-words-who/
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Apr 9, 2019
Phrasal Verbs
A phrasal verb is a two-part verb formed by a verb and a particle. The particle usually gives a whole new meaning to the verb.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/phrasal-verbs/
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Apr 9, 2019
Prepositional Phrases
Prepositional phrases are the result of the combination of the prepositions and other elements of the sentence (verbs) {see Prepositional Phrases, A1 Level}.
A prepositional verb is every verb followed by a preposition.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/prepositional-phrases/
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Apr 9, 2019
Common Adjective and Preposition Combinations
Prepositions are essential because they provide additional details about the sentence.
Adjectives are determiners that can be placed in two different positions within a sentence to modify or describe a person or a thing. Certain adjectives are used only with specific prepositions.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/common-adjective-and-preposition-combinations/
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Apr 9, 2019
Quantitative Determiners
Determiners are modifiers of nouns. They can provide information about which and how much/many people, things, animals, places… we are talking about.
Quantitative determiners or quantifiers are used to indicate the quantity of something {see Quantitative Determiners, A1 Level}.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/quantitative-determiners/
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Apr 9, 2019
Intensifiers and Mitigators
Adverbs are expressions that function as modifiers of other elements in the clause. They can provide a wide range of information.
Adverbs of degree are used to provide information about the intensity of an action or adjective {see Adverbs of Degree, A1 Level}.
Intensifiers and mitigators are part of adverbs of degree.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/intensifiers-and-mitigators/
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Apr 9, 2019
Comparative Clauses: As … as
Comparisons with adjectives and adverbs are used to compare things, people or actions, expressing the equalities or inequalities between them.
The comparative of equality (as…as clause) is used for the same purpose.
{see Comparisons with Adjectives and Adverbs, A1 level}
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/comparatives-clauses-as-as/
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Apr 9, 2019
Prepositions of Possession
Prepositions are small words that connect elements in a sentence. They are essential because they provide additional details about the sentence.
Prepositions of possession are used to express that something belongs to a person, animal or thing.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/prepositions-of-possession/
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Apr 9, 2019
Prepositions of Method and Manner
Prepositions are small words that connect elements in a sentence. They are essential because they provide additional details about the sentence.
Prepositions of method and manner are used to explain in what way something is done.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/prepositions-of-method-and-manner/
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Apr 9, 2019
Prepositions of Place – extension
Prepositions are small words that connect elements in a sentence. They are essential because they provide additional details about the sentence.
We use the prepositions of place to locate an event in space.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/prepositions-of-place-extension/
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Apr 9, 2019
Adverbs of Place
Adverbs are expressions that function as modifiers of other elements in the clause. They can provide a wide range of information.
Adverbs of place provide information about the place of an action.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/adverbs-of-place/
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Apr 9, 2019
Adverbs of Degree
Adverbs are expressions that function as modifiers of other elements in the clause. They can provide a wide range of information.
Adverbs of degree or intensifiers are used to provide information about the intensity of an action or adjective {see Adverbs of Degree, A1 level}.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/adverbs-of-degree/
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Apr 9, 2019
Adverbs of Manner
Adverbs are expressions that function as modifiers of other elements in the clause. They can provide a wide range of information.
Adverbs of manner are used to provide information about the way (how) something is done.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/adverbs-of-manner/
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Apr 9, 2019
Adverbs Formation
Adverbs are expressions that function as modifiers of other elements in the clause. They can provide a wide range of information.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/adverbs-formation/
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Apr 9, 2019
So that vs So … that
So that and so…that are two different, though similar, constructions which express different things.
So that highlights the consequences of an action or purpose. So…that shows extremes leading to certain results.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/so-that-vs-so-that/
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Apr 9, 2019
One and Ones
One and ones are replacing words that are used to avoid repetition.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/one-and-ones/
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Apr 9, 2019
May: Modals of Possibility
A modal verb is a type of auxiliary (helping) verb that has no meaning on its own but it modifies the main verb, changes its meaning and gives more details about the action.
May is a type of auxiliary modal verb used to express the possibility for something to happen and also to ask for or give permission.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/may-modals-of-possibility/
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Apr 9, 2019
Can and Could: Modals of Ability
A modal verb is a type of auxiliary (helping) verb that has no meaning on its own but it modifies the main verb, changes its meaning and gives more details about the action.
Could is the past form of the modal verb can. These are types of modal auxiliary verbs used to express the idea of ability or permission {see Can: Modals of Ability, A1 Level}.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/can-and-could-modals-of-ability/
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Apr 9, 2019
Comparisons with Like
Like as a verb is used to express things we enjoy and take pleasure in.
The preposition like is used to make a comparison between two similar or identical things or ideas.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/comparisons-with-like/
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Apr 9, 2019
Questions with Like
Like as a verb is used to express things we enjoy and take pleasure in.
Like can also be used as a preposition to make questions.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/questions-with-like/
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Apr 9, 2019
Should vs Ought to
Both should and ought to belong to the group of auxiliary modal verbs that have no meaning on their own but they modify the main verb, change its meaning and give more details about the action.
Should and ought to are used to express obligation and duty through advice or recommendations.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/should-vs-ought-to/
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Apr 9, 2019
Ought to: Modal Auxiliary Verb
A modal verb is a type of auxiliary (helping) verb that has no meaning on its own but it modifies the main verb, changes its meaning and gives more details about the action.
Ought to is a type of auxiliary modal verb used to express obligation and duty through advice or recommendations.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/ought-to-modal-auxiliary-verb/
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Apr 9, 2019
Should: Modal Auxiliary Verb
A modal verb is a type of auxiliary (helping) verb that has no meaning on its own but it modifies the main verb, changes his meaning and gives more details about the action.
Should is a type of auxiliary modal verb used to express obligation and duty through advice or recommendations.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/should-modal-auxiliary-verb/
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Apr 9, 2019
Indefinite Pronouns: Something and Nothing
Pronouns are words used to avoid repetitions of a noun.
Indefinite pronouns do not refer to any specific person, thing or amount.
Something refers to objects with unspecified quantity while nothing refers to absent objects.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/indefinite-pronouns-something-and-nothing/
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Apr 8, 2019
Have to: Modals of Obligation
A modal verb is a type of auxiliary (helping) verb that has no meaning on its own but it modifies the main verb, changes its meaning and gives more details about actions.
Have to is a type of auxiliary modal verb used to express certainty, necessity or strong obligation which comes from outside, from external factors.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/have-to-modals-of-obligation/
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Apr 8, 2019
Must: Modals of Obligation
A modal verb is a type of auxiliary (helping) verb that has no meaning on its own but it modifies the main verb, changes its meaning and gives more details about the action.
Must is a type of auxiliary modal verb used to express certainty, necessity or strong obligation which doesn’t come from outside, it’s a personal opinion. It also expresses prohibition in the negative form.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/must-modals-of-obligation/
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Apr 8, 2019
Prepositions of Place
Prepositions are small words that connect elements in a sentence. They are essential because they provide additional details about the sentence.
We use prepositions of place to locate an event in a space frame {see Common Prepositions of Time and Place, A1 level}.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/prepositions-of-place/
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Apr 8, 2019
Prepositions of Movement
Prepositions are small words that connect elements in a sentence. They are essential because they provide additional details about the sentence.
We use prepositions of movement to express movement or directions.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/prepositions-of-movement/
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Apr 8, 2019
Prepositions of Time
Prepositions are small words that connect elements in a sentence. They are essential because they provide additional details about the sentence.
We use prepositions of time to locate an event in a time frame {see Common Prepositions of Time and Place, A1 level}.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/prepositions-of-time/
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Apr 8, 2019
Invariant Plural Nouns
Nouns refer to a person, place, thing, event, substance or quality.
Invariant nouns are nouns which have the same singular and plural form.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/invariant-plural-nouns/
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Apr 8, 2019
A few vs A little and Few vs Little
A few/a little and few/little are quantifiers which mean not enough or some/enough.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/a-few-vs-a-little-and-few-vs-little/
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Apr 8, 2019
Uncountable Nouns
Nouns refer to a person, place, thing, event, substance or quality.
Uncountable nouns are nouns which cannot be counted easily or what we refer to as a mass {see Countable and Uncountable Nouns, A1 level}.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/uncountable-nouns/
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Apr 8, 2019
The Infinitive of Purpose
We can use the to-infinitive structure to express someone’s purpose (the reason or the aim of an action).
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/the-infinitive-of-purpose/
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Apr 8, 2019
Verbs followed by Gerunds and Infinitives
There are some verbs that need to be followed by a gerund or infinitive.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/verbs-followed-by-gerunds-and-infinitives/
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Apr 8, 2019
Active and Passive Adjectives
Adjectives are determiners that can be placed in two different positions within a sentence to modify or describe a person or a thing.
Adjectives can be used with active or passive voice.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/active-and-passive-adjectives/
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Apr 8, 2019
To be used to Interrogative
To be used to is a structure used to express habits and customs that are familiar to us.
The interrogative form is used to ask questions about the subject’s customs.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/to-be-used-to-interrogative/
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Apr 8, 2019
To be used to Negative
To be used to is a structure used to express habits and customs that are familiar to us.
When expressed in its negative form, the verb denies that the subject has some customs.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/to-be-used-to-negative/
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Apr 8, 2019
To be used to Affirmative
To be used to is a structure used to express habits and customs that are familiar to us.
When expressed in its affirmative form, the verb confirms that the subject has some customs.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/to-be-used-to-affirmative/
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Apr 8, 2019
Temporal Subordinate Clauses
Temporal clauses are part of the adverbial clauses which are composed of independent and dependent clauses, linked by connectors. The connectors of temporal clauses refer to a specific point in time.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/temporal-subordinate-clauses/
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Apr 8, 2019
Adverbs of Frequency
Adverbs are nouns that function as modifiers of other elements of the clause. They can provide a wide range of information.
Adverbs of frequency are used to provide information about the frequency of an event {see Adverbs of Frequency, A1 level}.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/adverbs-of-frequency/
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Apr 8, 2019
Adverbs of Time
Adverbs are nouns that function as modifiers of other elements of the clause. They can provide a wide range of information.
Adverbs of time are used to provide information about the time.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/adverbs-of-time/
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Apr 8, 2019
First Conditional
A conditional sentence is usually composed of two parts: the if-clause (or conditional clause) that expresses the condition, and the main clause that expresses the consequence of that condition.
First conditional is used to express future conditions and consequences or to express something that is possible to happen.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/first-conditional/
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Apr 8, 2019
Zero Conditional
A conditional sentence is usually composed of two parts: the if-clause (or conditional clause) that expresses the condition, and the main clause that expresses the consequence of that condition.
We use the zero conditional structure when the result of the condition is always true.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/zero-conditional/
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Apr 8, 2019
Past Continuous Interrogative
The past continuous (or progressive) is the tense used to express situations that take place in the past and were in progress at any moment during a period of time.
When expressed in its interrogative form, it is used to make questions about things that were happening in a past period of time.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/past-continuous-interrogative/
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Apr 8, 2019
Past Continuous Negative
The past continuous (or progressive) is the tense used to express situations that occurred in the past and were in progress at any moment during a period of time.
When expressed in its negative form, the verb denies that something was happening in a past period of time.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/past-continuous-negative/
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Apr 8, 2019
Past Continuous Affirmative
The past continuous (or progressive) is the tense used to express situations that occurred in the past and were in progress at any moment during a period of time.
When expressed in its affirmative form, the verb confirms that something was happening in a past period of time.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/past-continuous-affirmative/
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Apr 8, 2019
Relative Pronouns of Place and Time
Pronouns are words used to avoid repetitions of a noun {see Subject Pronouns, A1 Level}.
Relative pronouns are used to introduce relative clauses. They refer to place and time by replacing the subject expressed in the main clause to avoid the repetition of it in the relative clauses {see Relative Pronouns, A1 Level}.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/relative-pronouns-of-place-and-time/
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Apr 8, 2019
Relative Pronouns of People and Things
Pronouns are words used to avoid repetitions of a noun {see Subject Pronoums, A1 Level}.
Relative pronouns are used to introduce relative clauses. They refer to people or things by replacing the subject expressed in the main clause to avoid the repetition of it in the relative clause {see Relative Pronouns, A1 level}.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/relative-pronouns-of-people-and-things/
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Apr 8, 2019
Reflexive Pronouns
Pronouns are words used to avoid repetitions of a noun {see Subject Pronouns, A1 Level}.
Reflexive pronouns are used to emphasise the subject of the sentence.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/reflexive-pronouns/
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Apr 8, 2019
Future with Will or Be going to
The future is the tense used to predict or express future events.
We use the future simple to express spontaneous decisions, opinions and hopes {see Future Simple, A2 level}.
Be going to is used to express intentions for the future and make previsions based on signs we see at that moment {see Be going to, A1 level}.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/future-with-will-or-be-going-to/
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Apr 8, 2019
Be going to
Be going to is a structure that refers to the future {see Be going to, A1 level}.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/be-going-to/
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Apr 8, 2019
Present Continuous for Future
The future is the tense used to predict or express future events.
When we use the present continuous structure we refer to fixed plans {see Present continuous, A1 Level}.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/present-continuous-for-future/
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Apr 8, 2019
Future Simple Interrogative
The future is the tense used to express future events. We use the future simple structure to introduce predictions, beliefs or intentions about the future.
When expressed in its interrogative form, it is used to ask questions.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/future-simple-interrogative/
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Apr 8, 2019
Future Simple Negative
The future is the tense used to express future events. We use the future simple structure to introduce predictions, beliefs or intentions about the future.
When expressed in its negative form, the verb denies something about the subject.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/future-simple-negative/
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Apr 8, 2019
Future Simple Affirmative
The future is the tense used to express future events. We use the future simple structure to introduce predictions, beliefs or intentions about the future.
When expressed in its affirmative form, the verb confirms something about the subject.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/future-simple-affirmative/
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Apr 8, 2019
Present Perfect vs Past Simple
The present perfect is used to express completed actions which have occurred in the past, but are connected to the present and still have effects on it {see Present Perfect, A2 Level}.
The past simple is used to express situations that occurred and concluded in the past {see Past Simple, A1 Level}.
Present perfect and Past simple are different in form and meaning.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/present-perfect-vs-past-simple/
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Apr 8, 2019
For and Since with Present Perfect
Prepositions are small words that are related to another element in the sentence. They are essential because they provide additional details about the sentence by locating events, people, and objects in a place and time.
To locate an event in a time frame and add information about its duration, we use the prepositions for and since.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/for-and-since-with-present-perfect/
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Apr 8, 2019
Time Adverbs with Present Perfect
Adverbs are expressions that function as modifiers of other elements in the clause. They can provide a wide range of information.
Time adverbs are often used with the present perfect and function as modifiers of other elements in the clause.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/time-adverbs-with-present-perfect/
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Apr 8, 2019
Past Participle
The Past participle is a verb that is used to form other tenses (such as the present perfect).
Many past participle forms of verbs are irregular.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/past-participle/
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Apr 8, 2019
Present Perfect Interrogative
The present perfect is a tense used to express completed actions which have occurred in the past, are connected to the present and still have effects on it.
When expressed in its interrogative form, the verb is used to ask questions.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/present-perfect-interrogative/
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Apr 8, 2019
Present Perfect Negative
The present perfect is a tense used to express completed actions which have occurred in the past, are connected to the present and still have effects on it.
When expressed in its negative form, the verb denies something about the subject.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/present-perfect-negative/
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Apr 8, 2019
Present Perfect Affirmative
The present perfect is a tense used to express completed actions which have occurred in the past, are connected to the present and still have effects on it.
When expressed in its affirmative form, the verb confirms something about the subject.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a2-grammar/chapter/present-perfect-affirmative/
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Apr 7, 2019
Grammar A2 introduction
This book is the Grammar part of the A2 level of the practical guide for learning English as a second language. It forms a part of book series Books for languages. It is fully written in English and it serves as a base for the adaptation to different mother tongues. Starting from an integrated curriculum of languages, we offer an eclectic system with a distribution of contents based on the need of learning objects.
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Mar 21, 2019
Conjunctions: And, But, Because, When
English Grammar A1 Level: Conjunctions are words that function as a link between different clauses or elements in sentences.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/conjunctions-and-but-because-when
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Mar 21, 2019
Imperative Mood
English Grammar A1 Level: The imperative is a structure used to give an order or command.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/imperative-mood
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Mar 21, 2019
Wh- Questions
English Grammar A1 Level: Wh- questions always begin with one of the wh- question words (interrogative pronouns), which show what kind of information is wanted.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/wh-questions
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Mar 21, 2019
Yes or No Questions
English Grammar A1 Level: Yes or no questions are also called closed questions or polar questions because the answer to them can only be yes or no.
The answers to closed questions are called short answers.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/yes-or-no-questions
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Mar 21, 2019
Like, Love, Hate
English Grammar A1 Level: We use the verbs like, love and hate to express positive (love or like) or negative (hate) feelings about something.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/like-love-hate
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Mar 21, 2019
Would Like
English Grammar A1 Level: Would like is used to express requests or offers more politely.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/would-like
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Mar 20, 2019
Like
English Grammar A1 Level: Like, as a verb, is used to express things we enjoy and take pleasure in.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/like
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Mar 20, 2019
Object Pronouns
English Grammar A1 Level: Pronouns are words used to avoid repetitions of a noun.
Object pronouns are pronouns which are used as an object of a verb or a preposition or as replacement for objects to avoid repetitions.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/object-pronouns
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Mar 20, 2019
Relative Pronouns of People and Things
English Grammar A1 Level: Pronouns are words used to avoid repetitions of a noun.
Relative pronouns are used to introduce relative clauses.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/relative-pronouns-of-people-and-things
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Mar 20, 2019
Demonstrative Pronouns
English Grammar A1 Level: Pronouns are words used to avoid repetitions of a noun
Demonstrative pronouns are determiners used instead of nouns to refer to things and identify their position and distance from the speaker.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/demonstrative-pronouns
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Mar 20, 2019
Comparisons with Adjectives and Adverbs
English Grammar A1 Level: Comparisons with adjectives and adverbs are used to compare things, people or actions, expressing the equalities or inequalities between them.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/comparisons-with-adjectives-and-adverbs
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Mar 20, 2019
Superlatives with Adjectives and Adverbs
English Grammar A1 Level: Superlative adjectives/adverbs are used to make a comparison between things, people or actions, expressing the superiority of one thing, person or action which has a higher level of a particular quality.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/superlatives-with-adjectives-and-adverbs
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Mar 20, 2019
Possessive Pronouns
English Grammar A1 Level: Pronouns are words used to avoid repetitions of a noun.
Possessive pronouns are determiners used to show that one thing belongs to someone.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/possessive-pronouns
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Mar 20, 2019
Demonstrative Adjectives
English Grammar A1 Level: Adjectives are determiners that can be placed in two different positions within a sentence to modify or describe a person or a thing.
Demonstrative adjectives are used to place objects in space and identify their position.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/demonstrative-adjectives
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Mar 20, 2019
Possessive Adjectives
English Grammar A1 Level: Adjectives are determiners that can be placed in two different positions within a sentence to modify or describe a person or a thing.
Possessive adjectives are used to show that something belongs to someone.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/possessive-adjectives
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Mar 20, 2019
Irregular Comparatives and Superlatives
English Grammar A1 Level: Comparatives are used to compare two things, people or actions while superlatives express the superiority of one thing, person or action.
There are some adjectives and adverbs with irregular comparatives and superlatives.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/irregular-comparatives-and-superlatives
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Mar 20, 2019
Adverbs of Degree
English Grammar A1 Level: Adverbs are words that function as modifiers of sentences, clauses or various elements of clauses. They can provide a wide range of information.
Adverbs of degree are used to provide information about the intensity of an action or adjective.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/adverbs-of-degree
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Mar 20, 2019
Adverbs of Frequency
English Grammar A1 Level: Adverbs are words that function as modifiers of sentences, clauses or various elements of clauses. They can provide a wide range of information.
Adverbs of frequency are used to give information about the frequency of an event.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/adverbs-of-frequency
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Mar 20, 2019
Ordinal Numbers
English Grammar A1 Level: Ordinal numbers express numerical sequences, positioning elements in a list.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/ordinal-numbers
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Mar 20, 2019
Prepositional Phrases
English Grammar A1 Level: Prepositional phrases are the result of the combination of a preposition and other elements of the sentence (nouns, pronouns, gerunds…).
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/prepositional-phrases
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Mar 20, 2019
Common Prepositions of Time and Place
English Grammar A1 Level: Prepositions are small words that connect elements in a sentence. They are essential because they provide additional details about the sentence by locating events, people and objects in a time and place.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/common-prepositions-of-time-and-place
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Mar 20, 2019
Be going to
English Grammar A1 Level: Be going to is a structure that refers to the future.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/be-going-to
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Mar 20, 2019
How Many and How Much
English Grammar A1 Level: How many is used to ask questions about the quantity of a countable noun.
How much is used to ask questions about the quantity of an uncountable noun.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/how-many-and-how-much
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Mar 20, 2019
Do: Auxiliary Verb
English Grammar A1 Level: A modal verb is a type of auxiliary (helping) verb that has no meaning on its own but it modifies the main verb, changes its meaning and gives more details about the action.
The verb do is an auxiliary verb used in negative or interrogative sentence.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/do-auxiliary-verb
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Mar 20, 2019
Past Simple of To be
English Grammar A1 Level: The verb to be is essential in grammar. It is an auxiliary verb and it is one of the irregular verbs.
To express situations that occurred in the past and have now concluded, we use the past tense of the verb.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/past-simple-of-to-be
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Mar 20, 2019
Past Simple of Irregular Verbs
English Grammar A1 Level: The past simple is the tense used to express situations that occurred in the past and have now concluded.
Many common verbs have irregular past forms.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/past-simple-of-irregular-verbs
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Mar 20, 2019
Past Simple Interrogative
English Grammar A1 Level: The past simple is the tense used to express situations, events and actions that happened in the past.
When expressed in its interrogative form, it is used to ask questions about the past.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/past-simple-interrogative
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Mar 19, 2019
Past Simple Negative
English Grammar A1 Level: The past simple is the tense used to express situations, events and actions that happened in the past.
When expressed in its negative form, the verb denies something about the subject.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/past-simple-negative
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Mar 19, 2019
Past Simple Affirmative
English Grammar A1 Level: The past simple is the tense used to express situations, events and actions that happened in the past.
When expressed in its affirmative form, the verb confirms something about the subject.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/past-simple-affirmative
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Mar 19, 2019
Present Continuous Interrogative
English Grammar A1 Level: The present continuous (or progressive) is the tense used to express situations that are happening now (before, during and after the moment of speaking).
When expressed in its interrogative form, it is used to form questions about something that is happening now.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/present-continuous-interrogative
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Mar 19, 2019
Present Continuous Negative
English Grammar A1 Level: The present continuous (or progressive) is the tense used to express situations that are happening now (before, during and after the moment of speaking).
When expressed in its negative form, the verb denies that something is happening now.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/present-continuous-negative
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Mar 19, 2019
Present Continuous Affirmative
English Grammar A1 Level: The present continuous (or progressive) is the tense used to express situations that are happening now (before, during and after the moment of speaking).
When expressed in its affirmative form, the verb confirms that something is happening now.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/present-continuous-affirmative
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Mar 19, 2019
Possessive Case
English Grammar A1 Level: The possessive case is used to talk about things that belong to a person or animal. We can even use it to show that one thing belongs to another.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/possessive-case
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Mar 19, 2019
Would: Modals of Ability
English Grammar A1 Level: A modal verb is a type of auxiliary (helping) verb that has no meaning on its own but it modifies the main verb, changes its meaning and gives more details about the action.
The verb would is a modal verb used to express willingness in the past, polite request, preferences/desires, offers and invitations.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/would-modals-of-ability
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Mar 19, 2019
Can: Modals of Ability
English Grammar A1 Level: A modal verb is a type of auxiliary (helping) verb that has no meaning on its own but it modifies the main verb, changes its meaning and gives more details about the action.
The verb can is a modal verb used to express the idea of ability or opportunity, to express the possibility or impossibility of an event or action happening and to ask for or give permission.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/can-modals-of-ability
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Mar 19, 2019
To have: Common Expressions
English Grammar A1 Level: We use the verb to have to form common expressions in informal communication.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/to-have-common-expressions
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Mar 19, 2019
Have and Have got Interrogative
English Grammar A1 Level: Have/have got is a verb used to express states like possessions, relationships, illnesses and characteristics of people and things.
When expressed in its interrogative form, it is used to ask questions about the possession of something.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/have-and-have-got-interrogative
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Mar 19, 2019
Have and Have got Negative
English Grammar A1 Level: Have/have got is a verb used to express states like possession, relationship, illnesses and the characteristics of people and things.
When expressed in its negative form, the verb denies something about the subject.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/have-and-have-got-negative
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Mar 19, 2019
Have and Have got Affirmative
English Grammar A1 Level: Have/have got is a verb used to express states like possession, relationship, illnesses and the characteristics of people and things.
When expressed in its affirmative form, the verb confirms something about the subject.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/have-and-have-got-affirmative
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Mar 19, 2019
Definite Articles
English Grammar A1 Level: Articles are words that define nouns and they belong to the group of words called determiners. Essentially there are two kinds of articles: indefinite and definite.
We use the definite article to refer to specific things.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/definite-articles
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Mar 19, 2019
Indefinite Articles
English Grammar A1 Level: Articles are words that define nouns and they belong to the group of words called determiners. Essentially there are two kinds of articles: indefinite and definite.
We use indefinite articles to express non-specific things or general categories.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/indefinite-articles
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Mar 19, 2019
Quantitative Determiners
English Grammar A1 Level: Determiners are modifiers of nouns. They can provide information about which and how much/many people, things… we are talking about.
Quantitative determiners or quantifiers are used to indicate the quantity of something.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/quantitative-determiners
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Mar 18, 2019
There is and There are
English Grammar A1 Level: There is/are are expressions used in sentences that want to confirm, deny or check that something exists.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/there-is-and-there-are
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Mar 18, 2019
Countable and Uncountable Nouns
English Grammar A1 Level: Nouns refer to a person, place, thing, event, substance or quality.
Countable nouns are nouns considered as separate objects that can be counted with numbers.
Uncountable nouns refer to things we consider as a mass, and not as separate objects.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/countable-and-uncountable-nouns
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Mar 18, 2019
Compound Nouns
English Grammar A1 Level: Nouns refer to a person, place, thing, event, substance or quality.
A compound noun is a noun formed by a combination of words.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/compound-nouns
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Mar 18, 2019
Irregular Plural Nouns
English Grammar A1 Level: Nouns refer to a person, place, thing, event, substance or quality.
Plural form is used to indicate that there is more than one person, animal, place or thing. Some nouns don’t follow the rules, they’re irregular, so their plural is formed differently.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/irregular-plural-nouns
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Mar 18, 2019
Plural Nouns formation
English Grammar A1 Level: Nouns refer to a person, place, thing, event, substance or quality.
Plural form is used to indicate that there is more than one person, animal, place or thing.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/plural-nouns-formation
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Mar 16, 2019
Feminine Nouns formation
English Grammar A1 Level: Nouns refer to a person, place, thing, event, substance or quality.
We can form a feminine version from a masculine noun when the person we’re talking about is a woman.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/feminine-nouns-formation
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Mar 16, 2019
Noun with Both Genders
English Grammar A1 Level: Nouns refer to a person, place, thing, event, substance or quality.
We can find nouns which are the same for masculine and feminine genders.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/noun-with-both-genders
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Mar 16, 2019
Noun Gender
English Grammar A1 Level: Nouns refer to a person, place, thing, event, substance or quality.
Nouns have three genders: masculine, feminine and neutral.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/noun-gender
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Mar 16, 2019
Present Simple Interrogative
English Grammar A1 Level: The present simple is the tense used to express permanent situations or events that regularly repeat or always occur.
When expressed in its interrogative form, the verb is used to ask something about the subject.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/present-simple-interrogative
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Mar 16, 2019
Present Simple Negative
English Grammar A1 Level: The present simple is the tense used to express permanent situations or events that regularly repeat or always occur.
When expressed in its negative form, the verb denies something about the subject.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/present-simple-negative
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Mar 16, 2019
Present Simple Affirmative
English Grammar A1 Level: The present simple is the tense used to express permanent situations or events that regularly repeat or always occur.
When expressed in its affirmative form, the verb confirms something about the subject.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/present-simple-affirmative
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Mar 16, 2019
To be Interrogative
English Grammar A1 Level: To be is an auxiliary verb and it is essential in grammar.
When expressed in its interrogative form, the verb is used to ask something about the subject.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/to-be-interrogative
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Mar 15, 2019
To be Negative
English Grammar A1 Level: To be is an auxiliary verb and it is essential in grammar.
When expressed in its negative form, the verb denies something about the subject.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/to-be-negative
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Mar 15, 2019
To be Affirmative
English Grammar A1 Level: To be is an auxiliary verb and it is essential in grammar.
When expressed in its affirmative form, the verb confirms something about the subject.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/to-be-affirmative
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Mar 15, 2019
Infinitive
English Grammar A1 Level: The infinitive is the basic form of a verb, and we use it to form other verbal tenses.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/infinitive
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Mar 15, 2019
Subject Pronouns
English Grammar A1 Level: Subject pronouns replace a subject which is a person or a thing in a sentence.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/subject-pronouns
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Mar 15, 2019
Cardinal Numbers
English Grammar A1 Level: Cardinal numbers are used to express the quantity of something.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/chapter/cardinal-numbers
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Mar 15, 2019
Grammar A1 Introduction
English Grammar A1 Level: This book is the Grammar section of the A1 level of the practical guide for learning English as a second language. It forms a part of the book series My English Skills. It is fully written in English, and it serves as a base for the adaptation to different mother tongues. Starting from an integrated curriculum of languages, we offer an eclectic system with a distribution of contents based on the needs of learning objectives.
https://open.books4languages.com/english-a1-grammar/front-matter/introduction
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